Benjamin f



B. F. cLviN Sept. 3, 1929.

ANCHOR Filed Deo. 16, 1927 Patented Sept. 3, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN F. COLVIN, 0F FREMONT, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE DETROIT ANCHOR COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION lOlF MICHIGAN.

ANCI-IOR.

Application filed December 16, 1927. Serial No. 240,404.

This invent-ion relates to an anchor adapted to be secured in the ground, and especially useful in bracing fence posts, telegraph and telephone poles, and the like.

The general object of the invention is to provide an improved anchor of this kind, which is ordinarily connected to the end of a guy line and driven into the ground and which has flukes so constructed and mounted that they have a tendency to spread whenever a pull is exerted upon the guy line.

A more specific object is to provide an anchor which may be easily driven into the ground and which is specially constructed so as to prevent the driving force from injuring the connection of the flakes therewith or adversely affecting the freedom of their spreading action.

The specific construction of the invention, together with the objects and advantages thereof, will be more particularly explained in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of an anchor constructed according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, showing the anchor embedded in the ground.

The device which constitutes the subject matter of the invention comprises a shaft 5 which is of sufficient length to permit the anchor to be driven a suitable distance into the ground and to leave the upper end of the shaft at or above the surface. The upper end of the shaft 5 is provided with an eye 6 for the attachment of the guy line and its lower end is provided with an eye 7 through which extends a pin 8.

The anchor includes a pair of flukes 9 and 10 pivotally mounted on the pin 8. One of these l'lukes, as 9, is formed with a pair of downwardly extending legs 11 which straddle the downwardly extending central leg 12 of the other fluke. The flukes 9 and 10 are adapted to lie close together, as shown in Figure 1, when the anchor is driven into the ground. They are comparatively thin, gradually diminishing in thickness toward their lower ends which, when closed, have a continuous arcuate edge 13 so that the anchor may be easily driven into the ground. y

KThe central portion of the fluke 1U in the vicinity nf the pin te cut at lfis to receive the eye 7 and is formed with a concave seat 15 against which the eye rests when the anchor is being driven in. rI'he shaft 5 has a conical enlargement 16 thereon a short distance above the eye 7 and the inner faces of the flukes 9 and 10 are formed with tapered recesses 17 to receive the same. In the present instance the bases of these recesses 17 extend completely through the iiukes. The recesses 17 terminate at their lower ends in shoulders 18 against which the base of the conical enlargement 16 engages when the anchor is driven into the ground.

From Figure 3 it will be seen that the eye 7 is elongated with the pin 8 spaced from either end thereof so that when the anchor is being driven in the force of the blows is delivered entirely upon the shoulders 18 and the seat 15. There is no strain whatever upon the pin 8 and consequently there is no chance of bending the pin or otherwise interfering with the free pivotal movement of the linkes thereon.

After the anchor has been driven into the ground as far as necessary and a guy line attached to the eye 7 any pull on the guy line will first raise the shaft 5 upwardly until the pin 8 is engaged by the lower end of the eye 7. During this movement, the conical enlargement 16 moves upwardly in the tapered recess 17, spreading the upper ends of the flukes as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 3. These upper ends are curved outwardly, as shown at 19, and further upward pull transmitted through the pin 8 will cause the linkes to move upwardly and to spread out like a mushroom, as indicated by the broken lines in Figure 1. The fluke 10 is formed with shoulders 2O engageable with the lower portions of the legs 11 to limit this movement when the anchor attains substantially its maximum spread. In such a position the resistance of the anchor is most effectual.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that an anchor constructed according to the invention may be easily driven into the ground without injuring the same and will offer the greatest possible resistance when a pull is exerted by the guy line through the shaft 5. Although I have shown and described the specific construction of the invention in the form which seems at present to be moet des "ble, it wllhe app Mt skilled 'itil the art that xfer'ona 'm may be made therein without any material departure from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

-What I claim is:

1. In an anchor, the combination of a pivot pin, a pair` of flukes mounted on the pin, a shaft having a lost motion connection with said pin, and cooperating means on the shaft and the flukes to spread the latter upon upward movement of said shaft with relation to the pin.

2. In an anchor, the combination of a normally upright. shaft having a longitudinally elongated eye at its lower end, a pivot pin passing through said eye and movable longitudinally thereof, flukes pivoted on said pin, and a seat on one of the flukes engageable with a portion of the shaft to prevent the pin comingin contact with the upper end of the opening through the eye.

3. In an anchor, the combination of a normally upright shaft having an eye at its lower end, a pivot pin passing `through said eye, the opening in said eye being elongated so that the eye and the shaft may move up and down on the pin, flukes pivoted on said pin, and cooperating means on the shaft and ilukes to spread the latter as the shaft moves upwardly on the pin.

4. In an anchor, the combination of a normally upright shaft having an eye at its lower end, a pivot pin passing through said eye, flukes pivoted on said pin, said eye being elongated to permit a limited upand down movement of the shaft with relation to the pin, said flukes land shaft having abutting surfaces through the medium of which the shaft may be used to drive the flukes into the ground and which prevent the upper end of the eye opening from contacting with the pin while the flukes are being thus driven.

5. In an anchor, the combination of a normally upright shaft having an elongated eye at its lower end, a pivot pin passing through the opening in said eye and normally spaced from the ends thereof, flukes pivoted on said pin, said iiukes and shaft having abutting surfaces through the medium of which the shaft may be used to drive the flukes into the ground while maintaining the pin in spaced relation to the upper end of the eye opening, and cooperating means on the shaft and ilukes to spread the latter upon initial upward movement of the shaft with relation to said flukes.

6. In an anchor, the combination of a pivot pin, flukes mounted on said pin, a normally upright driving and connecting member having a lost motion connection with said pin, and a conical enlargement on said member tapering toward the upper end thereof, said iiukes' being formed with recesses having bases engageable by the base of said enlargement to drive the anchor into the ground and having sloping surfaces engageable by said enlargement, upon upward movement of said member, to spread the flukes.

7. In an anchor, the combination of a pair of flukes having a pivotal connection with each other, a shaft linked to said flukes and having a limited longitudinal movement with relation to said fiukes, and means operable by a relative upward movement of said shaft to spread said flukes.

8. In an anchor, the combination of a pair of iiukes having a pivotal connection with each other, a shaft linked to said flukes and having a limited longitudinal movement with relation to said iiukes, means for imparting a downward driving effort from said shaft to said flukes independently of said connection, and cooperating means on the shaft and the flukes to spread the latter upon upward movement of the shaft with relation to said iiukes.

9. In an anchor, the combination of a pair of flukes having a pivotal connection with each other, a shaft linked to said flukes and having a limited longitudinal movement with relation to said ilukes, means operable by a relative upward movement of the shaft to progressively spread the iukes until the shaft reaches the limit of its relative movement, and means to further spread the flukes upon subsequent upward movement of the iukes with the shaft.

l0. In an anchor, the combination of a pair of flukes having a pivotal connection with each other, and a shaft linked to said flukes and having a limited longitudinal movement with relation to said flakes, said shaft and one of the iiukes having coengageable means thereon, apart from said pivotal connection, to limit the downward movement of the shaft with relation to the iukes when the anchor is driven into the ground.

1l. In an anchor, the combination of a pair of interconnected flukes, one of said flukes having an angular movement with relation to the other, a shaft extending upwardly from the flukes and having a lost motion connection with the flukes permitting a limited longitudinal movement with relation thereto, one of said flukes having a seat engageable by a portion of the shaft so as to receive the impact thereof when the anchor is driven into the ground.

l2. An anchor comprising a shaft member and a fluke, means holding said shaft mem* ber and fluke together in cooperating relationship permitting limited axial movement of said shaft member relative to said fluke, and means independent of said connection for transmitting driving force from said shaft member to said fluke.

13. In an anchor adapted to be driven into the ground without pre-forming a hole for reception of the same, a shaft member and a plurality of flukes, means connecting said shaft member and said flukes permitting limited axial movement of said shaft member in respect to said flukes, means independent of said connection for transmitting driving effort from said shaft member to said flukes, and means independent of said connection for imparting a positive initial spreading movement to said flukes.

14. In an anchor, a shaft member, a plurality of flukes carried by said shaft member, means for retaining the flukes thereon, means for imparting a positive initial opening movement to said fiukes upon an initial pulling effort being applied to said shaft member, and additional means tending to V cause a continued opening movement of said iukes upon a continued pulling effort being applied to said shaft member, Without disconnecting said lukes from said shaft.

15. In an anchor, a shaft, a plurality of `flukes, means linking the flukes to said shaft, said shaft having a free longitudinal movement relative to said flukes, said connecting means including stops for limiting said movement in either direction, and means for imparting a positive initial opening movement to said flukes upon an initial Withdrawing movement of said shaft, said connecting means permitting a continued opening movement of said flukes Without disconnection from said shaft upon a continued Withdrawing movement of said shaft.

16. In an anchor, a plurality of flukes, a shaft member linked to said lukes and having limited aXi al movement relative thereto, means for transmitting driving eort from said shaft member to said flukes independently of said connection, and means for imparting a positive initial spreading movement to said flukes upon a reversal of said driving effort.

17. In an anchor, a plurality of flukes, a shaft linked to said iukes, means for imparting a driving effort from said shaft to said flukes independently of said connection, and cam surfaces on said shaft and flukes engageable with each other to impart an initial spreading movement to said fiukes upon a pulling effort being applied to said shaft.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to this specification.

BENJAMIN F. GOLVIN. 

